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Cost per gallon of syrup

What a gallon of syrup costs you to make, counting the evaporator, the tubing, and your own hours, not just the fuel bill.

01 · Inputs

Enter the syrup you made and a season’s costs in each category. Leave a line blank if it doesn’t apply. Equipment takes a purchase price and a useful life.

Syrup made this season

Enter syrup by

Finished density

All the syrup you made this season, whatever grade or container it went into.

This season’s costs

The same eleven categories Sapline’s cost tracking uses. Count only the maple share of anything you also use elsewhere on the farm.

Fuel & Energy
Fuel & Energy

Evaporator fuel (wood, oil, propane), vehicle fuel, and power for the RO and vacuum.

Equipment
Equipment

Years you expect to run it before it is replaced.

Vacuum pumps, releasers, tanks, filter press, canner, trucks. For a shared tractor or truck, enter the maple share of the price.

Repair & Maintenance
Repair & Maintenance
Supplies & Consumables
Supplies & Consumables

Filters, filter aid, defoamer, cleaners, and any sap or syrup you bought in.

Labor
Labor

Hours in the woods, the sugarhouse, packing, selling, and the books, all year.

What you could earn doing comparable work elsewhere.

Property & Lease
Property & Lease

Tap rent, property tax, and loan interest. If you own the sugarbush, the manual charges what similar land rents for.

Insurance
Insurance

Property, liability, and product insurance. Organic and other certification fees go here too: the app has no separate category for them.

Marketing & Sales
Marketing & Sales

Advertising, events, website, dues, and freight to buyers.

Bottling & Packaging
Bottling & Packaging

Jugs, glass, caps, labels, cases. Reusable drums go under equipment.

Sugarhouse & Facility
Sugarhouse & Facility
Tubing & Tapping
Tubing & Tapping

Mainline, laterals, fittings, and installation.

The manual’s figures run from 10 to 20 years, and 15 fits all of them. Laterals and drops wear out first.

03How this is calculated

The season cost is the money you spent this season, plus depreciation on equipment and buildings, plus a value for hours nobody was paid for. Cost per gallon is that total divided by the gallons of syrup you made. It follows the cost-of-production worksheets in chapter 11 of the North American Maple Syrup Producers Manual.

Equipment and buildings are spread over their useful life: purchase price divided by years, with no salvage value, the manual’s simplified straight-line method. A $7,500 machine you expect to run for 10 years adds $750 to every season. This is not tax depreciation. For tubing the manual gives 10 to 15 years or longer in one place, 15 to 20 in another, and recommends replacing it every 10 to 15 years because old tubing is harder to clean, so the tubing line starts at 15, the one figure all three allow. Use your own if you know it.

Unpaid hours are counted at what the same work would earn elsewhere, because leaving them out makes a sugarbush look more profitable than it is. Cost per pound divides by the weight of a gallon of syrup: 11.07 lb at 66.9 °Brix and 11.03 lb at 66.0, from the NBS sugar-solution tables. The manual’s dated 2,000-gallon example adds up to $36.73 a gallon from its listed costs, not the printed $36.96, which carries an arithmetic slip. Its dollar figures are illustrations, not a benchmark to compare against.

The categories are the ones Sapline’s cost tracking uses. Certification fees have no category of their own there, so they go under insurance here as well.

Sources

  1. Ch. 11, Tables 11.2 and 11.5 (income and expense worksheet; cost of production per gallon from fixed, variable, depreciation and owner labor costs)NAMSPM 3rd ed. (2022)pp. 11-13 to 11-18, Tables 11.2 and 11.5
  2. Ch. 11, straight-line depreciation (purchase price divided by life span, no salvage value; shared assets prorated) and Table 11.3NAMSPM 3rd ed. (2022)p. 11-15, Table 11.3 p. 11-16
  3. Ch. 11, "Labor" (value unpaid owner labor at its opportunity cost and family labor at the prevailing wage; labor is 25 to 40 percent of sales) and Table 11.4, the owner labor worksheetNAMSPM 3rd ed. (2022)p. 11-10; Table 11.4, p. 11-17
  4. Ch. 11, "Fixed Costs" (the maple resource: owned trees charged at the local rental value of similar land, a tree lease charged as paid)NAMSPM 3rd ed. (2022)p. 11-8
  5. Ch. 5, planning tubing replacement (mainline and lateral line may last 10 to 15 years or longer)NAMSPM 3rd ed. (2022)pp. 5-11 to 5-12
  6. Ch. 6, tubing system principles (systems typically replaced every 15 to 20 years; droplines, fittings and laterals wear out sooner than mainlines)NAMSPM 3rd ed. (2022)p. 6-32
  7. Ch. 6, cleaning tubing systems (current recommendations are a 10 to 15 year replacement cycle for all tubing, because aging inner surfaces are harder to clean)NAMSPM 3rd ed. (2022)p. 6-69
  8. Weights per United States Gallon and Weights per Cubic Foot of Sugar SolutionsSnyder, C.F., Hammond, L.D. (1946). National Bureau of Standards Circular C457Table 1, pp. 3–34: true specific gravity 20 °C/20 °C and pounds per US gallon in air at 20 °C, by tenth degree Brix; Table 2 for water

Work it out from what you actually spent

In Sapline’s cost tracking you log expenses in these same eleven categories as the season goes, and it works out cost per gallon from them, with profitability and a season summary PDF.

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